PREVALENCE DE CARDIOMYOPATHIE CHEZ LES FEMMES ACCOUCHEES PENDANT LES CINQ PREMIERS MOIS SUIVANT L’ACCOUCHEMENT A LA MATERNITE DE L’HOPITAL DE GECAMINES SUD DE LUBUMBASHI / RD CONGO.

Résumé

Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a rare heart failure condition affecting women in late pregnancy or the months following childbirth. While its incidence varies globally, it is particularly prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa, where it significantly contributes to maternal mortality. Although its etiology remains unknown, socio-economic, cultural, and environmental factors seem to play a crucial role.

This study aimed to assess the cardiovascular status of postpartum women during the first five months following delivery at the Gécamines Sud hospital maternity in Lubumbashi. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 102 patient records between February and December 2023. Data, collected via KOBO COLLECT and analyzed using SPSS V.25, included sociodemographic, clinical, and paraclinical parameters. Results showed that 52.9% of patients were under 30 years old, with a mean age of 29.54 years (SD: 6.11). The majority were unemployed (38.2%), lived in urban-rural areas (69.6%), and had vaginal deliveries (82.3%). Approximately 67% had personal medical histories, including current hypertension (20.58%) and alcohol consumption (32.38%). Additionally, 54% had no hereditary conditions, but among those who did, hypertension was the most common (50.9%). Clinical parameters indicated a mean BMI of 24.8 kg/m², a heart rate of 74.3 bpm, systolic blood pressure of 112.2 mmHg, and diastolic blood pressure of 75.3 mmHg.

In conclusion, while this population appeared generally healthy, the presence of risk factors underscores the need for preventive strategies and rigorous cardiovascular monitoring for postpartum women to minimize the risk of PPCM.